MADISON, Wis. -- Talk about treating Fido like one of the family: Wisconsin legislators have introduced a bill that outlines how divorcing couples and the courts should handle custody battles over pets.
The bill would let couples specify, among other things, visitation rights and the right to move the animal out of state. If the feuding spouses can't agree on what to do with the pet, the solution is simple: A judge can either pick a spouse or ship it off to a local humane society facility or similar shelter.
Whoever gets there first owns the dog, cat or goldfish. If they wait too long, someone else could adopt their beloved animal or, depending on the shelter's policies, it could be euthanized.
"Traditionally, the courts treat pets like pieces of property," said Republican state Sen. Carol Roessler, co-author of the bill. "People might have an emotional tie to a family antique, but a dog is not a desk."
The bill, believed to be the first of its kind in the nation, has tongues wagging here at the state capital. On the one hand, families are increasingly treating their furry friends as pampered children: Americans are expected to lavish $40.8 billion on their pets this year, with only $9.8 billion of that spent on veterinarian care, according to the American Pet Products Manufacturing Association.
But the bill's lead author, state Rep. Sheryl Albers - a Republican known for spearheading unusual legislation, including creating a state ballad, ensuring that gold bullion be exempt from sales tax and letting residents drive golf carts on city roads - says she is pushing the law because of her husband's messy divorce from his first wife.
Albers said her husband, Steven, and his ex-wife fought over who should care for the family's Labrador, Sammi. The kids wanted to keep Sammi, who was aging and suffered from incontinence. Neither parent, however, was clamoring to care for the dog full time, Albers said.
According to Albers and Dane County Circuit Court documents, a judge ordered that - as the three children split their time between Mom and Dad - so, too, should Sammi.
"The dog did not travel well. It shed. It would get sick in the car," said Albers, who is also an attorney. "It was not easy dealing with that dog."
Over time, she commiserated with friends about the situation and listened to tales of others who had wrestled with similar custody issues. When Sammi finally died, Albers said, "it was a relief."
The episode convinced her that the law needed to address the issue.
States traditionally consider animals to be property, so whichever spouse can establish ownership is granted custody. If ownership cannot be established, judges often try to figure out which person is the better caretaker and assign custody accordingly.
The bill, introduced this month, comes at a time of growing public and legal interest in the humane treatment of animals.
A decade ago, just a few law schools were teaching courses on pets' rights, the treatment of farm animals and dog-bite statutes, said law professor Richard L. Cupp, associate dean for research at Pepperdine University School of Law in Malibu, Calif.
Now dozens of schools teach courses on animal law, and colleges have clinical programs and research centers devoted to the subject. In the fall, Georgetown University Law Center and the Humane Society of the United States will launch an effort to expand the school's animal law curriculum.
"It's one of the most rapidly expanding areas of law in this country," Cupp said.
Pet custody fights have helped drive this boom, legal experts said.
Feuding parties have been known to engage in battles that reflect the intensity usually seen in child-custody disputes.
One of the most famous cases was the divorce of Stanley and Linda Perkins, a wealthy San Diego couple who made national news over their fight for Gigi, a pointer-greyhound mix.
After each fought for two years to become Gigi's sole custodian, a judge gave the dog to Linda Perkins in 2000. Among the evidence presented in court was a "Day in the Life of Gigi" video, featuring the dog sleeping under Linda Perkins' chair at work, cuddling at home and playing fetch at the beach.
"That's mild, compared to what we've seen out here," said Thomas R. Glowacki, who has been a divorce attorney in Madison for more than 30 years.
There was the time his client, saddled with an ailing pooch, sought "doggy support" from her ex-husband. (She lost.) Or the case of a bitter wife who won custody of her husband's dog - and euthanized it once the divorce decree was finalized.
P.J. Huffstutter writes for the Los Angeles Times.