George Van Brunt Cochran,

70, an orthopedic surgeon, mountaineer and former president of the Explorers Club in New York, died Monday in Ossining, N.Y., of complications from Parkinson's disease.

In 1957, Dr. Cochran made his first important expedition, exploring the Homathko Snowfield in the Coast Range of British Columbia and making his first ascents of four peaks. In 1967, he led the Cape Dyer Arctic-Alpine Expedition to Baffin Island, and from 1967 to 1990, he headed six expeditions to Ellesmere Island in Canada.

Dr. Cochran was president of the Explorers Club from 1981, the year the club first admitted to women, until 1985.

He applied his knowledge of bone movement to the study of ice movements, designing equipment to track the path of glaciers. His work in the field contributed to the understanding of global climate change.

Steve Young,

49, national president of the Fraternal Order of Police, died Thursday of cancer.

Mr. Young, a native of Upper Sandusky, Ohio, and a 26-year member of the FOP, was elected president in 2001. The FOP is the nation's largest law enforcement labor organization, with more than 300,000 members.

Mr. Young was also an active-duty police officer, serving as a lieutenant in the Marion City Police Department in Ohio until his death. He helped create the Ohio Labor Council, with more than 8,000 members.

Edward B. Dugan,

91, a retired University of Montana journalism professor who defended students' rights to write provocative editorials in the 1960s, died in his sleep Thursday.

During the 1960s, as adviser to the university's student newspaper, Mr. Dugan found himself defending editorials that advocated the legalization of prostitution, smoking marijuana on UM's Oval and birth control for Roman Catholics. At the time, one state official said he was withdrawing his daughter from Montana, the editor's uncle got a resolution passed at an American Legion convention condemning the student newspaper and the governor called the university's president to complain.

"He did not always agree with [the student writers], but as long as it was not libelous, he defended the students' right to write it," said his son, Frank Dugan.