John P. Frank, 84, a Phoenix attorney who handled the case that led to the creation of the Miranda rights, died Saturday in Phoenix.
Mr. Frank joined the firm of Lewis and Roca in 1954 and represented Ernesto Miranda in the landmark Miranda vs. Arizona case before the U.S. Supreme Court in 1966.
Mr. Miranda was arrested in Phoenix in 1963 on armed robbery, kidnapping and rape charges and signed a confession while in police custody. After his conviction, Mr. Miranda's lawyers appealed on the grounds that he did not know he was protected from self-incrimination.
The Supreme Court threw out the conviction in a landmark ruling stating that prosecutors may not use statements made by defendants while in police custody unless authorities have advised them of their rights.
In 1992, Mr. Frank was a legal adviser to Anita Hill in the Supreme Court confirmation hearings of Clarence Thomas.
Uzi Gal, 79, inventor of Israel's most famous contribution to the arms industry -- the Uzi submachine gun -- died Saturday in Jerusalem.
The 9 mm weapon became a mainstay of armies and secret services worldwide.
More than 1.5 million Uzis have been manufactured, and exports of the weapon have earned Israel billions of dollars. Mr. Gal never received any compensation for his invention beyond his Israel Military Industries salary.
Born Uziel Gal in Germany in 1923, he fled with his family to England when Hitler came to power. The family immigrated to British Mandatory Palestine in 1936, when he was 13, and settled in Kibbutz Yagur.
In 1948, when the first Arab-Israeli war broke out, Mr. Gal was ordered to develop a submachine gun for the Israeli army. The Uzi was not delivered to the army until 1954, but in the 1956 Sinai campaign against Egypt it proved its deadly effectiveness and reliability.
Cardinal Lucas Moreira Neves, 76, a top Vatican official once considered a possible successor to Pope John Paul II, died Sunday in Rome.
Cardinal Neves was archbishop of Salvador for 11 years until called to the Vatican in 1998, when the pope made him prefect of the influential Congregation of Bishops and president of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America.
He stepped down from both positions in 2000 because of failing health.
William Schwartz, 63, a former president of Cox Enterprises who spent years as a leader in the fight against prostate cancer after he was diagnosed with the disease, died yesterday in Atlanta.
Mr. Schwartz spent 35 years as a media executive. Since 1994, when he was diagnosed with the disease, he had dedicated himself to raising research money and increasing awareness of the condition.
He was president and chief operating officer of Cox Enterprises from the early 1980s until 1987. He oversaw Cox Enterprise's purchase of TV stations nationwide from the Cox family.
He became volunteer chief executive officer of the National Prostate Cancer Coalition and a board member of CaP CURE, a prostate cancer fund-raising and awareness group.
Rulon T. Jeffs, the leader of what is perhaps the nation's largest polygamist sect, died Sunday. He was 92 or 93.
Mr. Jeffs' church has thousands of members, mostly in the twin border communities of Hildale, Utah, and Colorado City, Ariz. Estimates of the membership have ranged as high as 12,000, but Scott Berry, attorney for the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, said it probably was 6,000 to 8,000.
Mr. Jeffs, an accountant, was rumored to have had between 19 and 75 wives and dozens of children, KSL Radio said. Mr. Berry said no information on that matter would be disclosed.
The church is highly secretive and its leaders rarely grant interviews. It is one of the polygamist sects that have been the target of allegations of welfare abuse and forced marriage of teen-age girls. Two years ago, the leaders told parents to pull their children out of public schools and teach them at home.
Yuji Ichioka, 66, a historian and professor who coined the term "Asian-American" in the late 1960s, died of cancer Sept. 1 in Los Angeles.
Mr. Ichioka, who taught the first Asian-American Studies course at UCLA in 1969, was considered the country's leading expert on Japanese-American history. He also was a prominent archivist.
Mr. Ichioka's family was interned at a relocation center during World War II. Years later, his testimony at congressional hearings on the injustice of internment led to a presidential apology and the Civil Liberties Act of 1988.
Peter Barton, 51, a former president and chief executive of cable television programmer Liberty Media Corp., died Sunday in Denver of stomach cancer.
Mr. Barton, who started his career in cable television in 1982 as a personal assistant to John Malone of Tele-Communications Inc. In 1986, he engineered a merger with home shopping powerhouse QVC. Mr. Malone said Sunday that the merger helped TCI become profitable.
Mr. Barton, who resigned from Liberty in 1997 to pursue philanthropy and private entrepreneurial ventures, will be inducted next month into the Broadcasting and Cable Hall of Fame in New York.
Albert Costello, 66, a former chairman of W.R. Grace & Co., died Sept. 3 -- apparently of heart-related causes -- while playing golf in Paramus, N.J., his son said.
Between 1995 and 1998, Mr. Costello held the posts of chairman, president and chief executive at the chemical company, which was then based in Boca Raton, Fla.
Mr. Costello was chairman and chief executive of the American Cyanamid Co., based in Wayne, N.J., before he joined Grace. He presided over the roughly $9.6 billion takeover of American Cyanamid by American Home Products in 1994.
Billie Carr, 74, a prominent liberal Democratic activist for more than 40 years, died in Houston yesterday of complications from a recent stroke.
Ms. Carr fought to wrest control of the party from conservatives and pursued a variety of causes, from civil rights to environmental issues. Texas Democrats began moving leftward as the Republican Party began gaining influence in the 1970s after decades of being a virtual nonentity in the state.
Ms. Carr was a national Democratic committeewoman in 1972 and later was on the party's national executive committee, but never sought office outside the party structure.
Georges-Andre Chevallaz, 87, a former Swiss president and member of the ruling cabinet for 10 years, died Sunday in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Mr. Chevallaz was mayor of Lausanne for 26 years. Elected to the Swiss parliament in 1959 for the centrist Radical Democrats, he became a minister in the seven-member coalition cabinet in 1973.
He was president in 1980 under Switzerland's rotating system, and in the same year moved to head the Defense Ministry, a position he held until he retired in 1983. In retirement, he wrote a number of books on Swiss history.
Paul Tripp, 91, a Pied Piper of early children's television who created the musical fantasy Tubby the Tuba and appeared as the host of his own show, Mr. I. Magination, died Aug. 29 in Manhattan.
While serving in the Army in China during World War II, Mr. Tripp dreamed up Tubby the Tuba, the orchestrated story that would make him famous and help to open the way for the integration of story and symphonic music in childrens' records.
The finished record became an almost instant hit when it was released in 1945.
Mr. I. Magination came next. Running as a weekly show on CBS from 1949 to 1952, the show featured Mr. Tripp on a toy train dressed in the striped overalls of a railroad engineer. Surrounded by young children on the train, Mr. Tripp, with a wide smile and careful, almost exaggerated enunciation, would tell stories from history and literature -- Rip Van Winkle, for example, or the life of P.T. Barnum.
Two more children's shows followed, with Tripp most often serving as writer, director and star. On the Carousel was an educational variety show telecast by CBS from 1954 to 1959. Birthday House, an NBC children's show, used a birthday celebration as its format.
He also wrote four children's books.
Martin Kamen, 89, who helped revolutionize science through his co-discovery of the radioactive isotope carbon-14, died Sunday of pneumonia at his home in Santa Barbara, Calif.
Mr. Kamen and fellow University of California, Berkeley chemist Samuel Ruben gained renown in 1940 for their discovery of carbon-14. The isotope's 5,700-year half-life -- the amount of time it takes for half the atoms of a sample to decay -- enables scientists to use it as a tracer in experiments involving the most important biochemical reactions involving carbon, the building block of all life.
Mr. Kamen's success in science was quickly overshadowed by his left-leaning political views. Four years after his landmark discovery, he was dismissed from Berkeley after being deemed a security risk.
For a decade, Mr. Kamen, who had been called before the House Un-American Activities Committee, fought in the courts to clear his name and regain his passport.
From Berkeley, he moved to Washington University in St. Louis and later Brandeis University. He helped found the University of California, San Diego, chemistry department in 1961, and later worked at the University of Southern California, continuing to teach into his 80s.
In 1995, the government gave Mr. Kamen the Fermi Award, the nation's oldest prize for achievements in science and technology.