In 1974, Gov. Marvin Mandel formally filed for re-election and said that reports of corruption within his administration were "propaganda and baloney." Mandel did win the election, but in 1977 he was found guilty on 17 counts of mail fraud and two counts of racketeering. The conviction was overturned ten years later. (Walter M. McCardell, Baltimore Sun photo, 1977)
1801: The north African state of Tripoli declared war on the United States in a dispute over safe passage of merchant vessels through the Mediterranean.
1865: The opera "Tristan und Isolde," by Richard Wagner, premiered in Munich.
1935: William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith founded Alcoholics Anonymous in Akron, Ohio.
1946: Italy replaced its abolished monarchy with a republic.
Compiled by Laura Lefavor and Paul McCardell.